Linux Basics

Articles in Linux Basics

• How to check free disk space with df

  Learn to check free disk space using the df command in Linux/Unix. Complete guide with examples, options, troubleshooting, and best practices for system administrators.

• How to view disk usage with du

  Learn how to use the du command to view disk usage in Linux and Unix systems. Complete guide with examples, options, and troubleshooting tips for beginners to experts.

• How to decompress .bz2 files with bunzip2

  Learn how to decompress .bz2 files using bunzip2 command. Complete guide with step-by-step instructions, examples, troubleshooting tips, and best practices.

• How to use zip and unzip in Linux

  Learn how to use zip and unzip commands in Linux with comprehensive examples, advanced options, troubleshooting tips, and best practices for file compression.

• How to decompress .gz files with gunzip

  Learn how to decompress .gz files using gunzip command. Complete guide with step-by-step instructions, examples, troubleshooting tips, and best practices for Linux users.

• How to compress files with bzip2

  Learn how to compress files with bzip2 command-line tool. Complete guide covering installation, syntax, options, practical examples, and troubleshooting tips.

• How to compress files with gzip

  Learn how to compress files with gzip effectively. Complete guide covering installation, commands, options, automation, and best practices for file compression.

• How to archive files with tar

  Learn how to archive files with tar command in Linux. Complete guide covering creation, extraction, compression options, and troubleshooting for beginners to experts.

• How to combine output and error streams with &>

  Learn how to combine output and error streams using &> in Linux/Unix. Complete guide with examples, troubleshooting tips, and best practices for efficient stream redirection.

• How to use vim for advanced text editing

  Master vim's advanced text editing features with comprehensive guide covering commands, modes, plugins, customization, and professional workflows for efficient coding.

• How to redirect errors to a file with 2>

  Learn how to redirect error messages to files using 2> in Linux/Unix command line. Complete guide with examples, troubleshooting, and best practices for stderr redirection.

• How to set and export environment variables

  Learn how to set and export environment variables across Windows, macOS, and Linux. Complete guide with step-by-step instructions, examples, and troubleshooting tips.

• How to understand standard input, output, and error streams

  Master standard input, output, and error streams with comprehensive examples, practical code snippets, redirection techniques, and troubleshooting tips for all skill levels.

• How to view current logged-in users with who

  Learn how to use the who command in Linux and Unix systems to view currently logged-in users. Complete guide with examples, troubleshooting, and best practices.

• How to show last logins with last

  Learn how to use the last command to view user login history on Linux and Unix systems. Complete guide with examples, options, and troubleshooting tips.

• How to switch users with su

  Learn how to switch users with the su command in Linux. Complete guide covering syntax, options, security best practices, and troubleshooting common issues.

• How to execute commands as root with sudo

  Learn how to execute commands as root with sudo on Linux. Complete guide covering sudo configuration, examples, security best practices, and troubleshooting tips.

• How to view system date and time with date

  Learn how to view system date and time using the date command in Linux and Unix systems. Complete guide with examples, formatting options, and troubleshooting tips.

• How to change system date and time

  Learn how to change system date and time on Windows, macOS, and Linux. Complete guide with step-by-step instructions, command line methods, and troubleshooting tips.

• How to view system uptime with uptime

  Learn how to use the uptime command to monitor system uptime, load averages, and performance metrics. Complete guide with examples, troubleshooting, and best practices.

• How to view kernel and OS info with uname -a

  Learn how to use uname -a command to view detailed kernel and operating system information on Linux and Unix systems. Complete guide with examples and troubleshooting.

• How to check distribution details with lsb_release -a

  Learn how to check Linux distribution details using lsb_release -a command. Complete guide with examples, troubleshooting, and alternative methods for system identification.

• How to view system hardware info with lshw

  Learn how to use lshw command to view detailed system hardware information on Linux. Complete guide with examples, troubleshooting, and advanced usage tips.

• How to view USB devices with lsusb

  Learn how to view USB devices with lsusb command in Linux. Complete guide with examples, troubleshooting, and advanced options for system administrators.

• How to view PCI devices with lspci

  Learn how to use lspci command to view PCI devices on Linux systems. Complete guide with examples, troubleshooting, and advanced options for system administrators.

• How to show block devices with lsblk

  Learn how to use the lsblk command to display block devices in Linux. Complete guide with examples, options, formatting, and troubleshooting for system administrators.

• How to mount a file system with mount

  Learn how to mount file systems with the mount command in Linux. Complete guide covering syntax, options, examples, troubleshooting, and best practices for beginners to experts.

• How to unmount a file system with umount

  Learn how to safely unmount file systems using the umount command in Linux. Complete guide with examples, troubleshooting tips, and best practices for beginners.

• How to format disks with mkfs

  Learn how to format disks with mkfs command in Linux. Complete guide covering file systems, syntax, examples, troubleshooting, and best practices for disk formatting.

• How to create partitions with fdisk

  Learn how to create disk partitions with fdisk command-line tool. Complete guide with step-by-step instructions, examples, and troubleshooting tips for Linux users.

• How to check disk health with smartctl

  Learn how to check disk health with smartctl command-line tool. Complete guide covering installation, usage, monitoring, and troubleshooting for Linux systems.

• How to view running services with systemctl list-units

  Learn how to view running services with systemctl list-units command. Complete guide with examples, filtering options, troubleshooting tips, and best practices.

• How to start and stop services with systemctl

  Learn how to start, stop, restart, and manage Linux services using systemctl commands. Complete guide with examples, troubleshooting, and best practices for systemd.

• How to enable and disable services at boot

  Learn how to enable and disable services at boot on Linux systems using systemctl, chkconfig, and other tools. Complete guide with examples and troubleshooting tips.

• How to understand runlevels and targets

  Master Linux runlevels and systemd targets with this comprehensive guide. Learn system initialization, service management, and troubleshooting techniques for both SysV and systemd systems.

• How to reboot the system with reboot

  Learn how to safely reboot Linux systems using the reboot command. Complete guide with syntax, options, examples, troubleshooting, and best practices for system administrators.

• How to shut down the system with shutdown

  Learn how to properly shut down Linux and Unix systems using the shutdown command. Complete guide with examples, options, scheduling, and troubleshooting tips.

• How to master linux basics with daily practice

  Master Linux basics through daily practice with our comprehensive guide. Learn essential commands, file management, scripting, and system administration skills step-by-step.

• How to redirect output to files using > and >>

  Master file output redirection in Linux/Unix using > and >> operators. Complete guide with examples, best practices, and troubleshooting for beginners to experts.

• How to use pipes (|) to chain commands

  Master command-line pipes to chain commands efficiently. Learn syntax, practical examples, troubleshooting tips, and advanced techniques for powerful data processing.

• How to redirect input from files with <

  Learn how to redirect input from files using the < operator in command line environments. Complete guide with examples, troubleshooting, and best practices.

• How to use echo to print variables and text

  Learn how to use the echo command to print variables and text in Linux and Unix systems. Complete guide with examples, best practices, and troubleshooting tips.

• How to understand environment variables in Linux

  Master Linux environment variables with this comprehensive guide. Learn to view, set, export, and manage variables effectively with practical examples and best practices.

• How to run jobs at a specific time with at

  Learn how to schedule one-time jobs in Linux using the 'at' command. Complete guide with examples, syntax, troubleshooting, and best practices for task automation.

• How to schedule tasks with cron

  Learn how to schedule tasks with cron on Linux and Unix systems. Complete guide covering cron syntax, examples, troubleshooting, and best practices for automation.

• How to monitor system processes with top

  Learn to monitor system processes effectively using the top command. Complete guide with examples, advanced options, troubleshooting tips, and best practices.

• How to use htop for interactive process monitoring

  Master htop for interactive process monitoring on Linux. Learn installation, navigation, process management, and advanced features with practical examples and troubleshooting tips.

• How to kill processes using kill

  Learn how to effectively kill processes using the kill command in Linux and Unix systems. Complete guide with examples, signals, and troubleshooting tips.

• How to manage processes with ps

  Learn to master Linux process management with ps command. Complete guide covering monitoring, filtering, and controlling system processes for beginners to advanced users.

• How to create symbolic links with ln -s

  Learn how to create symbolic links with ln -s command in Linux/Unix. Complete guide with examples, troubleshooting, and best practices for beginners to advanced users.